Glyphosate, also known as PMIDA, is a chemical compound with the systematic name N-(phosphonomethyl)iminodiacetic acid. Its molecular formula is C5H10NO7P. In its pure form and as an industrial product, it appears as white crystals with a melting point of 210°C (decomposing at this temperature). It has limited solubility in water but is practically insoluble in organic solvents like ethanol, acetone, ether, and benzene. Glyphosate can react with alkalis and amines to form salts, making it versatile for various applications.
It serves as the primary raw material for producing broad-spectrum post-emergence herbicides and plays a crucial role as an intermediate in multiple industries, including pesticides, pharmaceuticals, rubber, electroplating, and dye manufacturing. One common synthesis method involves mixing glyphosate with water, then reacting it with excess hydrogen peroxide in the presence of equimolar sulfuric acid, yielding glyphosate at a high efficiency of 90% to 95%.
As a non-selective herbicide, glyphosate is highly effective against perennial root weeds and is widely used in agricultural settings such as rubber plantations, mulberry fields, tea gardens, orchards, and sugarcane farms. Its mode of action targets the enzyme 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS), which is essential for the biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids like phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan. By inhibiting this pathway, glyphosate disrupts protein synthesis, leading to plant death.
The herbicide is absorbed through the leaves and stems and transported throughout the plant, effectively controlling over 40 families of both monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants, including annuals, perennials, herbs, and shrubs. Once applied, glyphosate quickly becomes inactive when it binds with metal ions such as iron and aluminum. Importantly, it does not harm seeds or soil microorganisms, making it a relatively environmentally friendly option compared to other herbicides.
It's important to note that glyphosate and PMIDA are not the same substance. While glyphosate is an intermediate used in the production of certain compounds, it can be converted into glyphosate under specific conditions. This distinction highlights the importance of understanding the chemistry behind these substances and their respective applications in agriculture and industry.
Normally closed air valve is a type of solenoid air valve that is designed to remain closed when there is no power or air pressure applied to it. It is commonly used in pneumatic systems to control the flow of air or other paths. The valve is closed by a spring and is opened by the application of air pressure or electrical power.
These solenoid valves use an electromagnetic coil to open and close the valve. They are commonly used in automated systems and can be controlled remotely. Usually the air valve is used to match with Mini Air Pump or Mini Vacuum Pump. They are widely used for massagers and healthcare devices.
Normally Closed Air Valve,Normally Close One-Way Solenoid Valve,Normally Close 2-Way Air Valve,Normally Close Two-Way Solenoid Valve
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