[China Aluminum Network] A few days ago, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology held a special meeting to further support the development of the new energy automobile industry. At the meeting, Deputy Minister of Industry and Information Xin Guobin chaired the meeting and made an important speech. Xin Guobin put forward the next five tasks that need to be done well. One of them is to work hard to achieve the power battery revolution, promote the "Guidelines for Promoting the Development of Automobile Power Battery Industry" and accelerate the construction of the Power Battery Innovation Center.
In recent years, under the increasingly stringent requirements for environmental protection and energy conservation, new energy vehicles have been pushed to the cusp. The core of new energy vehicles, power batteries, naturally attracts attention. The research of most battery companies mainly includes hydrogen fuel cells, graphene batteries, and China's mainstream lithium batteries.
But have you heard of aluminum air batteries?
This thing is long like this
Its working principle is also quite easy to understand. High-purity aluminum Al (containing 99.99% of aluminum) is used as the negative electrode, oxygen is used as the positive electrode, and potassium hydroxide (KOH) or sodium hydroxide (NaOH) aqueous solution is used as the electrolyte. Aluminum ingests oxygen in the air and generates a chemical reaction when the battery is discharged, and aluminum and oxygen convert to aluminum oxide. It is reported that aluminum air batteries are promising in the current development prospects. As such, mature lithium batteries in all aspects are naturally unconvinced. Then we compare aluminum air batteries with lithium batteries.
Battery energy density comparison As a battery, the energy density ratio is naturally an important measure. It is measured that the energy density of the aluminum air battery can reach 1300~2000Wh/kg, and the lithium battery is generally around 200-300Wh/kg or even lower. Do not talk about battery performance, stability, and other indicators. In terms of energy density, aluminum air batteries are indeed better than lithium batteries.
The security comparison believes that from time to time people will see such reports in the news. Someone's mobile phone explodes while charging. It can be said that the issue of safety, lithium battery performance has been criticized. The reason why a lithium battery burns is because the electrolyte used is an organic matter. When it encounters oxygen and water, it will give off heat. When the temperature is high, it will burn. However, the aluminum air battery uses an aqueous solution as an electrolyte, and the entire aluminum air battery is decomposed, which is a combination of metal plus water plus salt. It's hard to burn.
The practical and convenient aluminum air battery is essentially a disposable battery. As long as the battery is used up, replace it with a negative one and continue using it. Different from the charging of lithium batteries, for Xiao Bian, it is actually time-saving and convenient to replace the batteries in one go. And with the high specific energy of aluminum air battery, replace one battery or charge lithium battery three times.
Said so much, that aluminum air battery has no place to fly? The answer is definitely yes.
First of all, as an industry "baby" compared with lithium batteries, many aspects are an arm stop. After all, lithium batteries have experienced more than two decades of commercial development. From the point of view of the development of the manufacturing system, marketing model, etc., it is quite mature. As a leader in the new energy automotive industry, Tesla himself has obtained a “EV range-extended hybrid battery pack system†that directly uses the lithium battery as the core driving energy of the car, while the aluminum air battery is the backup for the lithium battery. This also confirms from the side that aluminum air batteries still have many practical defects.
On the other hand, as mentioned above, if it is considered as an overall system of batteries, aluminum air battery performance indicators are indeed superior. But for practical purposes, every detail in the operation is the scope to be considered. Aluminum gas batteries have many problems in principle. For example, the generated alumina will affect the discharge efficiency of the battery.
From this we can see that the outlook for aluminum air batteries is naturally broad from the standpoint of future development. The current research results have also achieved great breakthroughs, but the results do not mean that products, products do not mean that can be industrialized, and industrialization does not mean that users accept high. In the pursuit of convenient life, environmental protection and energy-saving conditions, the future of aluminum air battery will not have a reliable solution, just like lithium battery development and maturity, who knows?
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