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In the film and television dramas, we often see ancient Chinese locks. It is intuitive to feel that these locks are very simple, as if a wooden stick can be opened. Then, in the case of non-violent destruction, how safe is the ancient Chinese lock?
This requires an analysis of the structure of traditional Chinese locks. Taking the mature locks of the traditional locks as an example, according to the differences in structural principles, traditional Chinese locks can be roughly divided into three categories: wooden locks, combination locks, and reed locks.
A wooden lock is a variant of a latch that is used to lock a door. Its principle is similar to that of a Western marble lock.
The door latch is a crossbar placed inside the door, and people close the door and window by moving the crossbar. However, the door latch can only be operated inside the door, and people can't lock the door when they go out. Therefore, the ancient Chinese invented the wooden lock.
Structure of wooden locks and wooden locks still in use
The wooden lock consists of two parts: a wooden file nailed to the two sides of the door and a wooden bolt. The cork is a hard square, the wooden strip is hollowed out at one end, and then 2 to 5 keyholes are cut out above. In addition to digging a slot for the sliding of the wooden bolt, the two wooden files should also be dug corresponding to the locking hole of the wooden bolt in the vertical direction of the wooden trough for placing the purlin (ie equivalent to the marble lock). marble).
After the person inserts the wooden bolt outside the door, the scorpion falls down from the chute of the wooden file into the lock hole of the wooden bolt, and the wooden bolt is locked. The key of the wooden lock is made of bamboo strips. The size, position and number of the lock holes are equipped with corresponding convex locking teeth. As long as the bamboo key is inserted and gently lifted up, the locking teeth will enter the corresponding locking holes and jack up. The stringers can be pulled freely.
The traditional Chinese combination lock consists of a lock body, a lock bolt and a runner. The lock body has a rotating shaft, which can rotate the rotating wheel and guide the sliding of the locking bolt. One part of the bolt is a lock beam, and the other part is a bolt, and an irregularly shaped block-like protrusion is arranged on the upper side. There are generally 3 to 7 runners, the shape is the same, the surface is engraved with words or numbers, and the inside of the runner has a convex groove corresponding to the concave groove on the stem.
Chinese traditional code lock
When the lock needs to be opened, one can dial the wheel to arrange the text on the surface into a line. When a specific character combination is formed, the convex grooves inside the runner are aligned upward to form a passage, and the slide lock can be separated from the lock body, and the lock can be opened.
The encoding of the general password lock is fixed, but in order to increase the security, the ancients will also make some improvements, such as interlaced text facing the middle of the adjacent text, rather than aligned in a row. In addition, the ancient Chinese also invented a password lock that can be re-encoded. The lock is double-layered, with a number of grooves on the inside of the outer runner and a corresponding number of pins on the outside of the inner layer. A new combination of passwords can be formed by inserting a card pin into any groove as needed.
The most widely used in ancient China was the reed lock. It first appeared in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. It was perfected during the Han Dynasty and was widely used by later generations. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, people called it "Guangzhou Lock", and because it was mostly produced in Shaoxing, it was called "Shao Lock".
Common wide lock style
The reed lock has two parts: the lock case, the lock cylinder and the lock beam. The lock case is generally "concave", and the lock core is a metal post. The reed is welded on the outside of the metal post. The simplest two reeds and the metal post are "one" shape.
Reed lock cylinder and lock beam
When the ordinary lock is used, the lock core and the lock beam are inserted into the lock case, and the spring piece is opened to abut against the inner wall of the lock case to close the mechanism; the key is inserted into the lock hole and enters the lock body to contact with the spring piece, and the clamp is clamped open. The spring piece is closed to close the lock beam and the lock cylinder, and the lock can be opened.
The way to increase the safety of the wide lock is mainly to make a fuss on the reed of the lock cylinder. Correspondingly, the shape of the keyhole can also be changed. The most common type of lock is the "three-spring lock". People can increase the number of reeds to eight. At the same time, people will make these reeds different in length and arranged in two layers, so that opening a lock requires more than one. Put the key. It is safer to design different opening shapes for a different key on a lock. Usually, the key opening will be designed as "Ji", "Shou", "Hi", "Work", "Shi" and other words.
The reeds are arranged in three rows of "six-spring lock" lock cylinders
Multiple key openings
In terms of safety, the wooden lock is undoubtedly the lowest, it is just a rough prototype of the marble lock. Chinese code locks usually have four words per reel, which is also far from the 26 letters of each traditional western code lock. Only the complicated "eight-spring lock" may compete with the Western marble lock.
Western traditional code lock
Of course, the traditional locks of the East and West are hard to resist the disintegration of violence.
Editor in charge: Sun Gongxue
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