While there are numerous grades of stainless steel available for fasteners, we’ll focus on three of the top-performing grades: Super Duplex, A-286, and 17-4PH. When compared to standard 316 stainless steel, these materials exhibit significantly enhanced properties, particularly in terms of corrosion resistance, strength, and high-temperature stability.
**Corrosion Resistance**
The concept of "corrosion resistance" is quite relative, as it depends heavily on the specific application's corrosive medium, temperature, and concentration. Among the various stainless steel grades, Super Duplex stainless steel, also known as alloy 2507, stands out for its superior resistance to both localized and uniform corrosion. This is largely due to its higher chromium, nitrogen, and molybdenum content.
**Key Characteristics:**
- Excellent resistance to uniform corrosion
- Strong resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion
- Outstanding resistance to stress corrosion cracking and corrosion fatigue
**Application Examples:**
- Pulp and paper machinery
- Desalination plants
- Chemical processing equipment
If Super Duplex doesn’t meet your requirements, there are several other specialty alloys that offer even greater corrosion resistance. For more information on corrosion-resistant fasteners, check out our Extreme Bolt & Fasteners “Corrosion Resistant Material Guides,†which cover our specialty alloys, engineered polymers, and advanced ceramic fasteners in detail.
**High Temperature Stability**
At elevated temperatures, 316 stainless steel fasteners tend to oxidize rapidly in air and lose mechanical strength. Alloy A-286, an iron-nickel-chromium alloy that becomes highly strengthened through age-hardening, serves as an excellent solution. This alloy retains high strength from room temperature up to approximately 1300°F (700°C).
**Key Characteristics:**
- Superior high-temperature oxidation resistance
- Exceptional strength at elevated temperatures
**Application Examples:**
- High-temperature exhaust systems
- Turbines
- Manifolds and flue gas streams
**High Strength**
Compared to 316 stainless steel, all the specialty stainless steel alloys provide markedly improved strength. Super Duplex is roughly twice as strong, while A-286 is around 2.5 times stronger. However, 17-4PH, a specialized grade of stainless steel, outperforms them all. Fasteners made from 17-4PH can achieve a yield strength that is up to 4.5 times greater than that of 316 fasteners.
17-4PH is a precipitation-hardened alloy with eight distinct heat-treatment methods. Depending on the chosen heat treatment, the yield strength can range from two to 4.5 times that of 316 stainless steel. The accompanying chart illustrates the various heat treatments and their corresponding strengths (click the chart for more details).
**Key Characteristics:**
- Unmatched strength
- Maintains good mechanical properties up to 600°F
**Application Examples:**
- High-torque applications
- High-pressure valves and process equipment
In conclusion, when selecting stainless steel fasteners, it’s crucial to consider the specific demands of your application. Whether it’s extreme environments, high temperatures, or demanding mechanical loads, these specialty grades—Super Duplex, A-286, and 17-4PH—offer unparalleled performance advantages over standard 316 stainless steel.
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