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At present, scientists' latest research shows that a concept of a sugar bio-cell can completely convert the chemical energy in sugar into electricity.
The latest research report was published in the journal Nature Communications. The energy storage density of sugar bio-cells is about 596 ampere-hours per kilogram (Ah/kg), compared to 42 amps for lithium-ion batteries. - Hours/Kilograms. This means that the sugar bio-cell lasts at least 10 times longer than the existing lithium-ion battery of the same weight.
The sugar bio-cell is an enzyme-catalyzed fuel cell (EFC). It is a power generation biochemical device that can convert chemical energy in glycogen and starch into electricity. At the same time, enzymatically catalyzed fuel cells use the same working principle of traditional fuel cells, which use enzymes instead of precious metal catalysts to oxidize their fuels. Enzymes can use more complex fuels, such as glucose, while more complex fuels can make enzymes catalyze fuel cells with greater energy density.
For example, hexose synthase can release 24 electrons per glucose molecule under nearly complete oxidation. However, hydrogen molecules used in conventional fuel cells release only 2 electrons under oxidation.
According to Zhu Zhiguang, a senior scientist at Cell-Free BioInnovations, our research team was not the first to recommend the use of sugar as a fuel for bio-cells. However, we are the first to demonstrate that the complete oxidation of sugar bio-cells can convert chemical energy into electricity.
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