Crops apply fertilizer "fitness" to prevent disease


It is a common reason to fertilize the land and fertilize it, but it cannot increase the amount of fertilizer or rely solely on chemical fertilizer.

Rational fertilization can make plants grow robust and develop normally, which means that the plant's genetic potential, including disease resistance, can be expressed normally. Therefore, all cultivation management measures that are conducive to the normal growth of plants, including fertilization, can help prevent disease. Fitness cultivation has become a fundamental measure to prevent and cure a variety of diseases.

It is well known that severe fat deficiency or excessive fertilization can lead to physiological diseases, called deficiency or fat damage. In most cases, inappropriate fertilization may not cause significant abnormalities, but may reduce the disease resistance of the plant. Blast, sheath blight, wheat powdery mildew, tobacco brown spot disease commonly referred to as high-fat disease, where "high fat" actually refers to nitrogen fertilizer. Excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer, too late or excessive concentration, often cause rice plants to grow wild, the leaves are weak and draped, the content of ammonia nitrogen and free amino acids in the body is too high, and the ratio of carbon to nitrogen is reduced, which ultimately weakens the disease resistance of rice. Too much nitrogen fertilizer will cause the plant canopy, dew long time, providing appropriate environmental conditions for infection fungal disease; contrast, Ma Hu rice leaf blight, apple canker, wheat root rot, early blight of Solanaceae, Bacterial wilt, as well as the catastrophic disease that often occurs on most plant seedlings, often occurs in areas where the lack of fertilizer occurs. In 1943, India's West Bengal rice brown spot disease pandemic, resulting in the famous Bengal famine, drought and lack of fertilizer is an important reason.

Under normal circumstances, the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers can improve the balance of nutrients in plants and promote crop maturation, thereby avoiding the pathogens infesting young tissues and enhancing the resistance to disease. In particular, it is directed to fungal diseases that locally infect plant roots, stems and leaf tissues, such as wheat stem rust, barley total erosion, potato scab, tomato early blight, corn stalk rot, and the like. However, excessive phosphorus may aggravate spinach virus disease and wheat blight, and excessive potassium may aggravate the damage of rice blast and root-knot nematode disease.

In some areas, due to the long over-reliance on chemical fertilizers, organic matter content of some farmland decreased significantly, coupled with the extensive use of chemicals, soil microbial species poor, reduced ability to suppress soil-borne diseases, which in recent years many crops wilt, grain The main cause of the increase in blight, root rot and nematode. Use decomposition of organic fertilizer and microbial fertilizer will undoubtedly increase the number and kind, is a fundamental measure to reduce or suppress soil-borne diseases. Of course, we must also emphasize the maturity of organic fertilizer, otherwise fertilization can also spread pests and grass seeds.

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