Applying the technology of rushing fertilizer

In recent years, the method of “fluxing and fertilizing” has been widely adopted. What are the advantages and disadvantages of this type of fertilization? What technical tips do you need to master?

Expert: "Current fertilization" is also called water-flooding, which is a way of topdressing. That is, the solid quick-acting fertilizer is dissolved in water and fertilized by water. Fluctuating fertilization usually uses water-soluble fertilizers, mainly nitrogen fertilizers and potassium fertilizers. Both of them have strong water solubility. By combining fertilizer and water, soluble nitrogen and potassium nutrients are infiltrated into the soil and then absorbed by crop roots. The fertilization is the fertilization, and the irrigation method can be divided into well irrigation and irrigation, including drip irrigation and sprinkler irrigation. In some places, management is extensive and even flooded with large water to apply fertilizer. This method of fertilization with large water flooding highlights a word of “rushing”, which easily causes a large loss of nitrogen and also causes a problem of low water utilization.

The fertilization is mainly used for top dressing in the vigorous season of vegetable crop growth, and is widely used in greenhouse cultivation and open field vegetables. Since the fertilizer effect of the fertilization is fast, it usually takes effect after 2 to 3 days or 3 to 5 days after the flushing. Therefore, the fertilization has developed rapidly in recent years.

From the comprehensive benefits of economic benefits and environmental ecology, how to use fertilization?

Expert: The purpose of fertilization is not only for high yield of crops, but also for comprehensive benefits. To this end, we must master the technical essentials of "flushing and fertilizing" and use it to overcome the shortcomings.

First, choose the type of fertilizer that is fertilized. Only water soluble fertilizers can be applied with water. Urea, ammonia, ammonium sulfate and ammonium nitrate are commonly used in nitrogen fertilizer; potassium chloride and potassium sulfate are used in potassium fertilizer, and potassium nitrate is also used. In the phosphate fertilizer, even the water-soluble phosphorus monoammonium and phosphodiammonium should not be applied. The reason is that the phosphate fertilizer has poor mobility after being dissolved, and is easily fixed, and cannot penetrate into the root layer with water. For this reason, the best application method of phosphate fertilizer is to layer it into the soil to improve its utilization.

The nutrient content of a single application of rushing fertilizer must be standardized. In the high-yield vegetable planting, the amount of pure nitrogen should be controlled at 2 to 4 kg/mu, especially for nitrate nitrogen to be controlled below 2 to 3 kg/mu. The limited amount of potassium fertilizer (potassium oxide) is generally 2 Up to 4 kg/mu; otherwise, the waste and loss of nutrients are large, which not only reduces the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer, but also may cause pollution to water quality. The fertilization of the whole growth period is generally 2 times.

The period of crop fertilization is in the large growing period of crops. For example, fruit and vegetables are applied in the fruit-harvesting period, after picking melons and fruits; in the heart-sealing period of Chinese cabbage, in the cultivation of autumn vegetables, the temperature is selected to drop, the mineralization of soil is reduced, and the vegetable crops are suitable for a large number of growing seasons. .

Control of irrigation volume. Under the irrigation mode, the flooding is prevented from flooding. When the canal is filled, the depth of the ditch is adapted to the amount of water to prevent the nutrients dissolved in the water from being lost with water.

Experts suggest that the method of fertilization should be used in a timely and appropriate amount, mainly for topdressing in the cultivation of intensive vegetables, mainly with nitrogen and potassium; there are several kinds of fertilizers that do not apply, one does not apply phosphorus, and the other does not. Granular compound fertilizer, three non-refined solid organic fertilizer, four non-microbial preparations or fertilizer.

Source: Farmers Daily
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