The deep integration and cross-border integration of the new generation of information and communication technologies represented by mobile Internet, cloud computing, big data, and the Internet of Things, and various fields and industries in the economy and society are the core contents of a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation in the world. After more than 20 years of rapid development, China's Internet foundation has become increasingly solid, and its innovation, comprehensive strength and international competitiveness have been continuously enhanced. It is becoming a new engine for economic and social development with broad prospects and great potential. It is both the general trend and the development needs to further develop its advantages and accelerate the integration of innovations in the wider, deeper and higher levels of the Internet, to create new kinetic energy, to strengthen the new economy, and to lead the new normal. "Guiding Opinions on Actively Promoting "Internet +" Actions (hereinafter referred to as "Guiding Opinions") is based on the profound understanding and accurate grasp of the laws governing the development of the Internet on the basis of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, based on national conditions, coordinating the overall situation, building high standards, and The major strategic deployment and top-level design made by economic and social integration and development have epoch-making significance and far-reaching influence. I. Taking advantage of the trend and adapting to China's national conditions
Since the 21st century, the status of the Internet in the economic society has become increasingly prominent. As a basic, strategic and leading industry, the Internet is the core support for improving productivity and overall national strength, and it is related to the current and long-term development of the country. All countries in the world, especially developed countries, based on the comprehensive deployment and accelerated application of Internet convergence innovation, are likely to reshape the global economic structure, reconstruct international competition rules, and transform the industry to compete in the main arena. China's Internet is in the historical stage of great development, great integration, and great change. It is not only a key area for strategic emerging industries, but also a network foundation and support for mass entrepreneurship and innovation, or is it to optimize economic structure, transform growth patterns, and promote social development. An important force to promote reform and innovation.
(1) The objective requirements of conforming to the law of Internet evolution
The Guiding Opinions are based on development practice and highlight the characteristics of the times. As a general purpose technology (GPT), Internet technology innovation is active, disciplines are cross-intensity, cross-border penetration is extensive, and integration changes are profound. A new generation of deep sensing, high-speed transmission, mass storage and intelligent processing technologies continue to make breakthroughs and are widely used. The rapid development of the mobile Internet and the Internet of Things, the rise of the Internet of Everything, and the explosive growth of network data cover all aspects of people's life, enterprise production, public services and government management. The Internet has shifted from shallow-level tool products to key national infrastructures that connect everything, and the integration of innovative physical effects, chemical effects, and amplification effects are released. The contribution of technological progress to economic growth continues to increase. Like the power revolution a hundred years ago, the Internet is profoundly changing the traditional way of production, consumption, business and management. The economies of scale, economy, and long tail economy based on the Internet are booming and magnificent. The "Guiding Opinions" embodies the unity of unity, quantity and qualitative change of understanding and practice.
(2) Strategic choice to seize the commanding heights of global competition
The "Guidance Opinion" follows the general trend of change and looks at the overall situation of the world. At present, the global strategic layout around digital competitiveness has been upgraded in an all-round way, shaping the comprehensive new advantages of national online and offline integration development, and intensifying the international competition for mastering the global economic competition. The essence of this round of industrial revolution is to seize the Internet as the carrier. New industry ecology. The United States issued the "Advanced Manufacturing Strategy" to strengthen the application of industrial Internet technology in the fields of transportation, energy, aviation, railway, medical care and security. Following the Industry 4.0 strategy, Germany launched the “2014-2017 Digital Agendaâ€, which aims to build a digital power with lasting competitiveness. The State Council promulgated "Made in China 2025" in early May, clearly stating that the Internet is a key element in implementing the strategy of manufacturing a strong country. The "Guiding Opinions" puts forward "Internet + collaborative manufacturing", which shows that industry is an important part of the foundation of the country, the instrument of rejuvenating the country, and the foundation of a strong country. Through the "Internet" + e-commerce, efficient logistics and other actions, promote the healthy development of modern productive services, and provide guarantee for industrial transformation.
(3) The practical need to lead the new normal of economic development
The "Guidance Opinion" focuses on innovation and is suitable for China's national conditions. The Chinese economy has entered a new normal, and it has passed the new and old industries and the kinetic energy conversion period. It needs strong and sustained support. To seize the commanding heights of the economy, promote mass entrepreneurship, innovation, and improve the level of public services, we must take the road of Internet integration and innovation. The Party Central Committee and the State Council have attached great importance to the development and application of a new generation of information and communication technologies represented by the Internet. In recent years, strategic guidance documents such as broadband China, information consumption, Internet of Things, cloud computing, and integrated circuits have been introduced, and the industrial environment has been continuously optimized. . The Internet-led information economy market has a large scale, rapid growth rate, good development quality and wide employment channels. The theoretical calculation results of China Information and Communication Research Institute show that in 2014, China's information economy totaled 16.2 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 21%, accounting for more than 26% of GDP, and has become the main force driving GDP growth. However, compared with developed countries, China's information economy still accounts for a small proportion of GDP, and there is plenty of room for future growth. The "Guidance Opinions" will further stimulate the tremendous vitality of the market and greatly enhance the development level of China's information economy.
Second, closely follow the theme, the key measures to promote strategic synergy
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Party Central Committee and the State Council have successively proposed three major strategies: innovation-driven development, network power and manufacturing power. The "Guidance Opinion" is a strategic deployment from the perspective of the Internet to the integration and development of important areas of economy and society. It is the link to promote the coordinated development of the three major strategies. It is also promoting the "four comprehensive" strategic layout and achieving "two hundred years." "The key driving force of the grand goal is to benefit the present and the long-term."
(1) The "Guidance Opinion" and the network power strategy complement each other
At the first meeting of the Central Cyber ​​Security and Informatization Leading Group, General Secretary Xi Jinping clearly proposed the strategy of strengthening the country by the network. This is the top-level design for the overall promotion of network security and informationization in the new era. The network power strategy includes major tasks such as core information technology research and development and application, improvement of information service level, improvement of information infrastructure, construction of high-end talent team, and expansion of global governance cooperation. The "Guiding Opinions" put forward safeguard support measures such as consolidating the network foundation, solidifying the industrial foundation, ensuring the security foundation, expanding overseas cooperation, and strengthening intellectual construction. This is the concrete implementation of the strategy of strengthening the country. The "Guidance Opinions" put forward higher requirements for the network, such as the industrial Internet to have new performances such as high reliability, low latency, large capacity, and wide coverage; independent technical equipment should support the "Internet +" applications; security measures should be covered Product life cycle, embedded production process and so on. The implementation of the "Guidance Opinions" will comprehensively improve the infrastructure, technology industry and application level of China's information and communication industry, and will accelerate the process of building a network powerhouse.
(2) The "Guidance Opinion" is intertwined with the strategy of manufacturing a strong country.
"Made in China 2025" is the first ten-year action plan for China to implement the strategy of manufacturing a strong country. It is to accelerate the integration of a new generation of information technology and manufacturing industry as the main line, and to promote smart manufacturing as the main direction, with the goal of promoting China from a manufacturing power. Transforming to a manufacturing powerhouse. The core content of "Made in China 2025" is the five major projects and the ten key breakthrough areas. Intelligent manufacturing is the strategic commanding height of "Made in China 2025" and "Guiding Opinions". Based on the Internet and the Internet of Things, the information data link is constructed to realize intelligent manufacturing. Key foundation and support. The "Internet + Collaborative Manufacturing" proposed by the "Guidance Opinions" closely echoes "Made in China 2025", highlighting and refining the role of the integration and transformation of the Internet in manufacturing, and proposing the development of intelligent manufacturing, large-scale personalized customization, and promotion. The four major directions of networked manufacturing level and accelerated service transformation of manufacturing industry will strengthen the layout of industrial Internet construction.
(3) The "Guidance Opinion" and the innovation-driven strategy share the same principle
The 18th National Congress proposed to implement an innovation-driven development strategy to promote development and rely more on innovation. The State Council issued the "Several Opinions on Deepening the Reform of System and Mechanism and Accelerating the Implementation of Innovation-Driven Development Strategy", stressing that all ideological obstacles and institutional barriers that restrict innovation should be removed, and a policy environment of mass entrepreneurship and innovation should be created to stimulate the vitality and creativity of the whole society. . The Internet is not only a model of innovation-driven, but also a fundamental support and breakthrough for innovation and development in other fields. The "Guidance Opinions" put forward the "entrepreneurial innovation" special action. The other 10 actions clearly pointed out the development direction of new integrated technologies, new products, new models and new formats, encouraged the support of innovation, and promoted the growth of the new economy of the Internet platform. The "Guidance Opinion" focuses on breaking through the legal, regulatory, and institutional constraints faced by the integration development, and will lay a good foundation for the implementation of the innovation-driven development strategy.
Third, outline the leadership, traction and integration of development guide
"Internet +" strongly supports economic transformation, effectively enhances the level of public services, and vigorously promotes entrepreneurial innovation. The "Guidance Opinions" put forward 11 key areas for Internet convergence development, which are related to the overall situation of economic development, or close to the concerns of the people, or have great potential for innovation and change; at the same time, the Internet can play a key role, and the direction of integration is clear and guiding. Very clear field. The "Guiding Opinions" highlights the safeguard measures from the aspects of solid foundation for development, building an inclusive environment, and exploring the international market, and accelerates the formation of a new pattern of "Internet +" development of demand-driven, innovation-driven, industry-driven, and government-enterprise interaction. The "Guiding Opinions" embodies the unification of overall planning and key breakthroughs, and the integration of offline development and online integration.
(1) Deploying important areas of the economy, promoting quality improvement and upgrading
The integration of the Internet and the economic field can significantly improve the efficiency of production operations, reduce the cost of operating and circulation, and break the constraints of resource elements. The "Guidance Opinions" cover a wide range of "Internet +" collaborative manufacturing, modern agriculture, smart energy, inclusive finance, e-commerce, efficient logistics, six special actions, involving the three major production areas of the national economy and modern productive services. Each action fully considers the differences in industry attributes, stage and level of integration. For traditional industries, it focuses on transformation and upgrading, such as manufacturing, agriculture, and logistics. For the emerging industries with high maturity, the focus is on deep expansion, such as e-commerce to rural e-commerce, cross-border e-commerce, and product traceability. Focusing on new areas that are still in the starting stage, we will encourage and support, break down barriers to entry, create an environment for innovation and development, and enhance market dynamics, such as smart energy and inclusive finance.
(2) Focus on improving people's livelihood services and improving people's lives and well-being
Safeguarding people's livelihood and improving people's livelihood are the foundation of the foundation and dream of revival. The integration of the Internet with public utilities and life services will help optimize resource allocation, enrich service content, and effectively improve service levels. "Internet + Yimin Service" comprehensively covers important areas closely related to the daily lives of the people. The development of e-government, convenience services, online medical care, healthy retirement, and online education is not only a new way to give play to the advantages of the Internet to improve people's livelihood services, but also a fundamental requirement for building a well-off society in an all-round way. "Internet + convenient transportation" will promote the efficiency and governance capacity of public transportation services. “Internet + Green Ecology†will build a new model of green development for circular economy. In addition, safeguards such as reducing barriers to entry and strengthening integration supervision will further promote the deep integration of the Internet and the people's livelihood.
(3) Stimulating the vitality of innovation and entrepreneurship and building an innovative country
General Secretary Xi pointed out: "Only the reformers advance, only the innovators are strong, only the reform and innovation wins." Science and technology is the foundation of the country's prosperity, and innovation is the soul of national progress. The Internet promotes the aggregation, opening and sharing of innovation elements and entrepreneurial resources, becoming the leading force for innovation-driven development and a new platform for promoting mass entrepreneurship. The "Guidance Opinions" put forward 11 special actions, all of which take Internet integration innovation as a key factor, which is not only the requirement to enhance the strength to lead the future, but also the requirement to accelerate the construction of an innovative country. “Internet + Entrepreneurship Innovation†is listed as the first of all actions. It is of great significance to strengthen the support of entrepreneurial innovation, actively develop the space for innovation, promote open innovation, and create an environment of entrepreneurial innovation that is active and relaxed and full of vitality. Intelligentization is the main feature of Internet convergence innovation, and also an important support for industrial transformation and upgrading and upgrading of core competitiveness. "Internet + artificial intelligence" focuses on promoting the breakthrough of artificial intelligence core technology and promotion and application in various fields of economy and society. The direction of action proposed by the "Guiding Opinions" focuses on the recent 20-18 years, and through innovation, it promotes the construction of a new economic system of collaborative sharing, with a focus on driving the overall situation. The "Guiding Opinions" put forward the development goals of 2025. Driven by the "Internet +" innovation development, the "Internet +" ecosystem of network, intelligence, service and synergy is basically perfect, and the new economic form is initially formed. The near-term goals are aligned with the long-term goals.
Fourth, inclusive progress, accelerate the implementation of the fundamental requirements
Since Premier Li Keqiang proposed the "Internet +" action policy, the community has paid close attention to it. The government and Internet companies have signed a strategic cooperation agreement, and the "Internet +" has been speeding up. The implementation of the Guiding Opinions is a large and complex system project. It is necessary to give full play to the leading role of enterprises in the market and the guiding role of the government, and form a good situation of overall coordination, inclusive innovation, and lively and orderly.
(1) Deepen reform and create an inclusive and orderly development environment
In response to the problems faced in the development of "Internet +", the government needs to actively listen to public opinion, strengthen coordination in the game, weigh the parties to seek common development, reform and innovation to remove the insults, and shift from managers to service providers. In addition to promoting the development of integration standards, improvement of social credit information system, construction of laws and regulations, improvement of industrial capabilities, and fiscal and taxation support, the government has focused on three aspects: First, to create an inclusive and regulatory environment. The contradiction of "Internet +" is widespread, but different areas have their own particularities. The government should seize the main contradictions, gradually break down industry barriers, relax the restrictions on access to products and services, promote negative lists, and expand the scope of market participants. Simple administration and decentralization, promote the reform of the commercial system, and improve the efficiency of industrial and commercial registration services. We will maintain a fair market competition order, strengthen the coordinated supervision of integrated business, enhance the management level according to the law, and encourage innovation and development with an open and inclusive attitude. The second is to open up public data. Enriching the supply of public goods and services is a "double engine" component. The government should promote the open sharing of public data resources such as transportation, education, and medical care, give full play to the advantages of market entities, and promote the integration of the Internet and public services. Optimize resource allocation so that the public can enjoy fairer, more efficient, high-quality and convenient services. The third is to strengthen guidance and support in important areas. Regarding the strategic changes in the overall development of the industry, if it is difficult to form a competitive new industrial ecology by relying on market forces, the government should vigorously guide and support it to avoid fragmentation. The "Guiding Opinions" proposed the implementation of major engineering packages and the construction of "Internet +" characteristic development demonstration zones. Local governments should speed up the formulation of local guidance, support the construction of major projects of local enterprises, strive to enter the national demonstration zones, accumulate advanced experience, and accelerate Popularized throughout the country.
(2) Market orientation, pragmatically promote the process of Internet integration
Enterprises are the main carriers and practitioners of the implementation of "Internet +". In the tide of industrial transformation, data-driven and platform-operated enterprises with online and offline ecological integration capabilities will rapidly emerge and become industry leaders. The challenges faced by traditional enterprises are even more arduous, and the willingness and appeal of integration development is particularly urgent. Enterprises should combine their own foundations and advantages to accurately grasp the integration of innovation and focus, and accelerate innovation and transformation.
Internet companies and basic telecommunications companies should strive to create an "Internet +" industry ecosystem. The first is to consolidate the network foundation. Accelerate the construction and application of next-generation broadband infrastructure, and improve ubiquitous mass access capabilities, flexible resource service capabilities and network security capabilities. Actively lay out the construction of industrial Internet-related infrastructure and platforms, open up new space for transformation and development, and help build a strong country. The second is to develop a platform economy. Improve the service level of business platforms for various industries, open up platform capabilities, foster and expand the ecosystem of segmentation areas, and provide innovative and entrepreneurial network environments for small and medium-sized enterprises. The third is to expand the scope of business. Bring into play the advantages of network technology and user agglomeration, seize the opportunity, cut into public services and related fields, industries, enrich network application solutions, optimize profit models, and accelerate the popularization of integrated and innovative services.
The implementation of "Internet +" by traditional industrial enterprises is not only a process of extensively adopting Internet technology, but also a process of improving quality and efficiency. It is also a process based on platform data to further optimize and even reshape the enterprise value chain and ecological chain. Enterprises to promote "Internet +" focus on two aspects: First, lay a solid foundation. Through self-construction, mergers and acquisitions, and alliances, we will build network infrastructure, data links and information systems that connect production and management. Combining new needs such as R&D innovation, marketing services, manufacturing and industrial chain coordination, and using new Internet technologies, from easy to difficult, from shallow to deep, promote the network and digital level of enterprises in stages and at different levels, and accelerate the move toward intelligence . The second is to promote organizational change. The "Guidance Opinions" put forward the development direction of many traditional fields such as product traceability, personalized customization, and flexible production. Adapting to the new business infrastructure environment and industrial change trend, traditional enterprises need to carry out in-depth reform and adjustment in innovation mode, business model, production mode, organization, talent structure, etc., to create new advantages in transformation and upgrading under the new economic form.
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