Classification of glass:
There are many varieties of glass, which can be classified according to product structure and performance, production process and so on.
Classification by product structure and performance
1, flat glass
(1) Ordinary flat glass, including ordinary flat glass and float glass.
(2) Tempered glass, belonging to safety glass. In order to increase the strength of the glass, chemical or physical methods are usually used to form compressive stress on the surface of the glass. When the glass is subjected to external force, the surface stress is first offset, thereby improving the bearing capacity and enhancing the wind resistance, cold and heat resistance, impact resistance, etc. of the glass itself. .
(3) Surface processing flat glass, including polished glass, frosted glass, sandblasted glass, ground glass, embossed glass, ice glass, etched glass, and the like.
(4) Flat glass incorporating special components, including colored glass, endothermic glass, photochromic glass, solar glass, and the like.
(5) Sandwich plate glass, including wire glass, laminated glass, electric glass, and the like.
(6) Multi-layer flat glass, including ordinary mirror glass, coated heat-reflecting glass, laser glass, glazed glass, coated glass, laminated film (glass-coated film) glass, and the like.
2, glass products
(1) Flat glass products, including hollow glass, glass grinding, carving, painting, bending and other products and curtain wall, door and window products.
(2) Opaque glass products and shaped glass products, including glass mosaic tiles (mosaic), glass solid bricks, glass hollow bricks, crystal glass products, glass microbead products, glass sculptures, and the like.
(3) Glass insulation and sound insulation materials, including foam glass and glass fiber products.
Classified by production process:
Glass is mainly divided into flat glass and special glass.
1, flat glass
According to the production process, there are mainly calendering, slotted vertical lead, counter roller (also known as Asahi), slotless vertical lead, flat pull and float.
The calendering method is produced by rolling and annealing a glass liquid in a melting furnace by a calender roll, and is mainly used for producing a wire (net) glass and an embossed glass.
The processes of slot vertical introduction, roll method, and slotless vertical introduction are basically similar. The glass is passed through the trough brick or roller, or the brick is fixed by the guide brick, and the glass is placed on the asbestos roller. The belt is pulled up, and the flat glass is continuously produced by annealing, cooling, and continuous. The flat pull method is to turn the glass vertically into the horizontal direction by means of a steering roller. These methods were common slab glass production processes before the 1970s.
Float is a new method of floating glass on a molten metal surface to produce flat glass. It continuously flows the glass liquid from the pool kiln and floats on the surface of the metallic tin with the protective gas, and draws the glass ribbon of different thickness by the combination of the surface tension of the glass, the gravity and the mechanical pulling force. It is annealed and cooled to form a flat glass. Since the glass is formed in the free space, the upper surface is in contact with the molten tin liquid, and the surface is smooth, the thickness is uniform, and no optical distortion occurs. Float glass is becoming the mainstream of glass manufacturing methods due to uniform thickness, parallel top and bottom surfaces, high labor productivity and management. In the current float technology, the British Pilkington float glass production process, the US PPG float glass production process and the Chinese Luoyang float glass production process are called the three major processes of the world float glass production.
According to the thickness (mm mm) and use, the flat glass is classified as follows:
(1) 2-4mm glass, mm is also called PCT in daily life, such as 3 PCT glass refers to glass with a thickness of 3mm. This type of glass is mainly used for the frame surface;
(2) 5-6mm glass, mainly used for small-area light-transparent shapes such as exterior wall windows and door fans;
(3) 7-9mm glass, mainly used for large-area indoor screens and other frame-protected shapes;
(4) 9-10mm glass, mainly used for indoor large-area partitions, railings and other renovation projects;
(5) 11-12mm glass, mainly used for floor spring glass doors and some large partitions for active people;
(6) Glass above 15mm, generally less on the market, often requires the production of orders, mainly used for large-area floor spring glass doors, exterior wall glass walls.
2, special glass
There are many kinds of special glass, mainly tempered glass, insulating glass, laminated glass, adding mesh glass, laminated glass, glazed glass, printing glass, lamp glass, home appliance glass, furniture glass, bathroom glass, craft glass, automobile. Glass, frosted glass, etc.
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