Abstract On March 6, Zhang Ping, director of the National Development and Reform Commission, said in a questioning on the related issues of "economic and social development and macroeconomic regulation and control" that China's steel, cement, electrolytic aluminum and other traditional industries have overcapacity, and nearly one period,...
On March 6, Zhang Ping, director of the National Development and Reform Commission, said in a question-answering question on "economic and social development and macro-control" that China's steel, cement, electrolytic aluminum and other traditional industries have overcapacity, and at the same time, Emerging industries such as photovoltaics and wind power equipment have also experienced overcapacity. The utilization rate of photovoltaic capacity is less than 60%, and the utilization rate of wind turbine capacity is less than 70%. Overcapacity in wind power and photovoltaic industry leads to vicious competition
Zhang Ping said that after more than 30 years of development, our country is now a manufacturing power. While the manufacturing industry supports economic and social development and the needs of the people's lives, some industries and some industries have also experienced overcapacity. In addition to overcapacity in traditional industries such as steel, cement and electrolytic aluminum, in recent years, some emerging industries such as photovoltaics and wind power have also experienced overcapacity.
“Using a quantitative indicator to summarize, in general, steel, cement, electrolytic aluminum, flat glass, coke, the utilization of these industries is now generally between 70% and 75%, and the photovoltaic utilization rate is lower. Only less than 60%, wind power, the capacity utilization rate of wind turbines is less than 70%." Zhang Ping said. While measuring the normal market competition internationally, its capacity utilization rate should be 80%~85%.
"Because of overcapacity, it has caused some problems. It does not say anything about resources and the waste of labor creation. It is these enterprises and these industries themselves also face great difficulties." Zhang Ping said.
Such a background has also adversely affected the transformation of the economic development mode and the adjustment of the economic structure. "The enterprise itself is very difficult, triggering some vicious competition, knowing that losses should be produced, and maintaining its operation. Such a state has also led to protectionism in some places and divided the market." Zhang Ping said.
Zhang Ping believes that China's current overcapacity is structural, mainly because its own quality is low, its industrial structure and quality are not high, its structure is irrational, and its ability to innovate is not strong. For example, China's wind turbines, wind power equipment, and fan control systems still need to be imported.
Optimize investment structure, solve overcapacity and continue to deepen reform
To solve the problem of overcapacity, Zhang Ping believes that the core issue is to optimize the investment structure. The overall aspect is to continue to deepen reforms. Resolving overcapacity is the focus of current and future adjustments to the economic structure and transformation of development.
Zhang Ping believes that the core of solving the problem is that to optimize the investment structure, it is impossible to engage in low-level redundant construction, not to engage in high-consumption, high-pollution, high-emission backward enterprises, or to engage in overcapacity enterprises. It is necessary to make better use of limited funds and limited supply to improve production conditions and improve the lives of the people.
This year's government work report emphasizes that China's productivity development level has multiple levels and there is a lot of room for maneuver. Whether traditional industries or emerging industries, labor-intensive industries or capital-intensive industries have room for development, it is important to optimize resource allocation. And the industrial layout, to solve the problem of overcapacity, lack of core technology, low value-added products, and solve the problem of low-level redundant construction and regional industrial structure convergence.
Zhang Ping said that for the current overcapacity, the central government has proposed a clear direction to solve the problem, that is, to respect the law, separate policies, multi-pronged approach, and both the symptoms and the root causes, in accordance with such requirements to resolve the problem of overcapacity.
"Respecting the law is to respect the laws of economic development, respect the laws of the market, and respect the laws of each industry. The separate measures are based on different industries and different products. Different measures must be taken. The means of economic law, of course, also includes the necessary means of regulation, which is the means of administrative regulation.
Both the symptoms and the root causes are to solve the current problems, and to form a situation in which there will be no serious overcapacity in the future. Zhang Ping explained.
In order to resolve overcapacity, Zhang Ping believes that the quality of enterprises must first be improved to solve overcapacity. Second, through mergers and acquisitions to digest a batch of overcapacity. Third, eliminate a batch of backward production capacity through the survival of the fittest. Fourth, encourage enterprises to develop overseas and transfer a batch of production capacity.
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