In the newly developed white flower peach planting base of the second group of the first group of Fulong Village, Yanpo Village, Naxi District, Luzhou City, Sichuan Province, Zhao Yu, a senior agronomist of the Agricultural Bureau of the district, conducted technical training for the villagers. Zhao Yu said that the young trees grasp the management of pruning and shape management, and the fruit trees are protected by fertilizer and water and the pests and diseases are controlled to ensure the high quality and high yield of peaches.
Young tree pruning crown
In the spring, attention should be paid to the shaping work of peach seedlings. Most of them use the three main branches to be naturally happy. Generally, they are cut at a distance of 50 cm from the ground after the setting. Note that there should be 6-8 full buds under the cut, and spring germination should be followed by 3-4 branches with strong growth and different directions as the main branch. The main branch must have a certain distance from the birth point, and the strength and weakness can be controlled by changing the angle. The remaining branches should be removed if they compete with the main branch, and the weak ones should be reserved.
By May-June, the main branch grows vigorously, and the main branch with a length of 60-80 cm can be topped, promote secondary shoots, cultivate secondary main branches and auxiliary branches, and enlarge the canopy. The cut buds are generally left on the outside, and the buds sprouting underneath are selected to maintain a healthy and stable branch as the secondary branch. The secondary main branches left by each main branch should be in the same lateral direction to avoid emptiness or collision. In this way, the secondary main branch can be cultivated in one year, and the second branch can be used to form the canopy in the second time, and it will be put into production in the third year.
Fertilizing intercropping
For the newly developed Taoyuan, it is necessary to expand the scope of the soil improvement. In the original open hole or trench, a circular groove or groove ditching about 40 cm deep will be excavated, and organic fertilizer will be applied to improve the soil. In addition, quick-acting fertilizers such as urea can be applied before each growing season to promote shoot growth. The gaps in juvenile gardens can be used as various crops to increase income. Rice stalks are used for burying or covering fertilizers. Mixed with leguminous or leguminous plants and grass crops, it is most beneficial for cultivating soil fertility, and it can also be used as feed. Grasses that can be used to protect slopes are best covered with green crops.
Zhao Yu emphasized that peach trees are afraid of water accumulation, so be sure to pay attention to drainage during the rainy season. The back trench should be cleaned and shed, and the silt should be cultivated on the tree tray. The dry season tree tray can be covered with loose soil to reduce water evaporation loss.
Hanging fruit tree flower before top dressing
In the 3-4 months, peach trees have entered the growth stage of germination, flowering fruit set and new shoots. In order to meet the nutrient requirements of tree shoot growth and young fruit development, pre-flowering top dressing is especially important, especially for the result tree with weak growth potential. In Taoyuan, where the output was too high last year, nitrogen fertilizer could be added to promote the growth of fruit set and tree before flowering, but the dosage should be paid attention to avoid causing the new shoots to grow and increase the fruit drop.
1-3 years old saplings are applied with 150-200 g of urea, and the adult trees with weaker trees are generally applied with about 300-500 g of urea per plant. For the fruit tree with strong growth potential, this fertilizer can not be applied. For adult trees that enter the abundance period, no or no nitrogen fertilizer should be applied in the spring. Peach flowering and young fruit are most afraid of waterlogging and drought. The water in the orchard will affect the absorption capacity of the root system, and will also affect the necrosis of the new roots, causing the flowers to fall. Therefore, the flat orchard should promptly clear the ditches, clear the silt, and fill the gap. In case of drought, it is necessary to resist drought in time, and it can be carried out by ditching the water to wet the surface or sprinkling. At the same time, the quick-acting fertilizer can be mixed into the water and applied to the peach garden along with the water.
Do a good job in pest control
Peach trees are susceptible to pests such as anthracnose and mites in spring. In order to prevent early pests and diseases of peach trees, before the flower buds and leaf buds of the peach trees do not extend out of the peach tree epidermis, the canopy is sprayed with a new high-fat film, and the tree is applied to the tree to prevent pests and diseases. Once aphids are found, 10% imidacloprid 2000 times solution can be used; anthracnose can be controlled with 80% anthrax fumei 500 times solution; brown rot can be treated with 70% sensitized zinc 500 times solution or 50% keiling 1000-1500 times solution, flow Glue can be scraped off with broken porcelain tiles and painted with 30 times liquid bacteria.
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