Stone is a special decorative material in the decoration of new houses. With its noble temperament, it attracts the attention of consumers and becomes another new darling of interior decoration. Most of the problems with the decorative effect of stone failing to achieve the desired goal are not from the stone itself, but because people have insufficient understanding of the details of the stone paving, which leads to problems in the construction. How can we make the decorative effect of stone the best?
Stone paving construction process and construction points:
First, the preparation work before the stone paving, the problems that should be paid attention to during the construction
1. Please read the instructions on the box before the stone paving.
2, stone is a pure natural product, the texture is natural, there is color difference, it is a normal phenomenon. For example, there are holes in the travertine, sand holes in the sandstone, and multiple layers on the surface of the schist. The stone mosaic is made by hand processing, so there is a natural error between the particles, and there is a natural error in the gap between the particles, but it does not affect the construction (can be adjusted by itself during construction).
3, due to the special texture of stone products, to avoid contamination of the surface with cement mortar or colored materials, the construction site should be kept clean.
4. Before the stone paving, first clean the surface of the stone, make it clean and dry, and then use the plate brush (brush) or the roller to brush the water-proof anti-seepage agent on the opposite side of the stone, the front surface and the four-sided surface. For best results, the first layer should be completely rubbed into the substrate (1-2 hours) and then brushed a second time. After the anti-seepage treatment is completed, it can be paved for at least 24 hours.
5, stone paving should be laid in the seams (except bamboo mosaics, etc.).
6. In order to enhance the firmness and anti-staining properties of the adhesive, it is recommended to use an adhesive.
7, light-colored stone, please use a light color filling agent.
8. The surface of slate stone is made by special peeling process, so there is uneven thickness between each piece. Because of its rough surface, please use a soft cloth to wipe a small amount of cooking oil on the surface before filling it, so as to clean up the filling agent. Note: When filling, you should use a wet towel to fill the edges. It is not suitable to wipe the floor after a large area.
9. There are many sand holes on the surface of sandstone products. Before filling the joints, apply wide tape to seal the seams in the stable and the surrounding area, then cut the tape at the gap and then fill the joints to avoid the adhesive agent sticking to the stone surface. Clean up.
10. After the completion of the work, please look for wax to maintain the stone.
11. When cleaning daily, please do not use acid cleaner or powder alkaline cleaner to clean the stone.
Second, the basic construction process of stone paving
1. Prepare the paving load bearing layer and the base. The load-bearing layer is a flat surface (the ground bearing layer is natural and man-made, and the wall bearing layer is artificial), and the function of this plane is to support the load from the upper member. Its properties should be robust, supportive, stable and sealed. The stone veneer base is the component on which the stone veneer is paved directly. When paving the ground, this sub-base acts to disperse the vertical load and tension so that these forces are supported by the load-bearing layer without collapse.
When paving a wall, the load generated by the wall covering is transmitted to the substrate by fixing means (back bolts, mud, adhesives, fasteners, etc.). Due to the variety of construction methods, the base is also various. When paving the ground, the base may be one of many standard functional layers under the ground (such as leveling layers or soundproofing layers), or an existing layer of flooring (such as wood, synthetic stone, ceramics). Or screed (base layer). If it is paved, the concrete surface, visible wall, stucco wall, or clay brick surface will be under the veneer.
The stone veneer base layer and the load-bearing layer need not be deliberately kept the same, but sometimes the two can be uniformly laid. For example, when laying a building floor or laying a wall exterior, it can be laid directly on a concrete load-bearing wall.
2. Prepare a hybrid adhesive. A hybrid adhesive is applied between the substrate and the stone veneer. This kind of product, except for a small part that has been pre-mixed and ready to use, is usually prepared on the spot before paving the stone veneer. Plasters, thin muds, glues, and adhesives are required to formulate these hybrid adhesives; the required tools are barrels, spatulas, gauges, and the like. In addition, for the sake of reconciliation safety, some protective equipment should be prepared.
3. Formal paving operations. The formal paving operation of the stone veneer plate, that is, the stone floor plate or the wall plate is laid in order on the floor or the wall to be decorated. This is an important conversion process in which all design ideas and preparations are actually implemented.
This stage can be divided into two steps. One is to extend and position the connecting materials (stucco, adhesive, thin mud, wall-faced "dry" mechanical fixtures); the second is based on the texture of the sheet ( In order to form a certain pattern, reflecting the value of the texture, etc.) to fix the sheet, to make up for all the uneven defects of the lower layer.
4, caulking, jointing. This process is to use the appropriate materials (grout, plaster, thin mud, joint filler, etc.) to close the gap between the plate and the plate on the pavement. This is the follow-up operation of the formal paving operation. It is not a formal paving operation, so there should be a time interval between caulking and jointing.
5. Further refurbishment of the surface of the veneer (only for the ground). This process is to grind and polish the ground. If the paving board is a wool board, the pre-specified is on-site polishing. It is also possible to use wax and protection (oil quality, water quality) and waterproof products.
Third, stone construction points
1. The base treatment should be clean, and the unevenness should be leveled and repaired first. The base should be clean. There should be no mortar, especially white ash mortar, oil stains, etc., and the ground should be wetted with water.
2. Before the paving, the plates will be tried and matched, and the flowers, the colors and the numbers will be the same.
3, the stone must be soaked in water and dry, so as not to affect its condensation hardening, the occurrence of empty drums, shelling and other issues.
4. When paving stone and porcelain bricks, standard blocks must be placed. Standard blocks should be placed at the intersection of crosshairs and installed diagonally.
5, the paving operation should be lined up in each row, the stone must be soaked in water, wipe the back after drying.
6. The maintenance of stone and porcelain bricks after paving is very important. After 24 hours of installation, it must be sprinkled with water for maintenance. After the towel is finished, cover the sawdust for maintenance.
7. After the paving is completed, it is not allowed to be employed within 2~3 days.
Fourth, the problems should be paid attention to in the construction of stone accessories
1, caulking agent:
There are three kinds of caulking agents, which are suitable for different gaps: 1) no sand type caulking agent - suitable for gaps below 3MM; 2) anti-mold caulking agent (ie fine sand type) - suitable for 3MM-5MM gap; 3) stone Caulking agent (ie coarse sand type) - suitable for 5MM-12MM gap
2. Binder:
1) In addition to the rubber compound, the binder also includes auxiliary components such as a solvent, a curing agent, a toughening agent, a preservative, a coloring agent, and an antifoaming agent. In addition to the most commonly used animal glues, the binders include synthetic resins, rubber and paints.
2) The construction base surface must be flat and dry, the surface is clean, free of dust and oil, and there is no phenomenon of peeling and powder falling.
3) During construction, the wall surface uses a 6 mm toothed file, the ground surface uses a 10 mm toothed file, and the binder is painted with a trowel to texture and tiling, so that the tile and the adhesive are fully bonded to keep the stick. The flatness and strength of the knot.
4) Binder, tile and base surface do not need to be soaked and wetted.
3, the use of caulking agents, adhesives:
1) Scientific ratio: Add water to a clean container at a water-cement ratio of 1:4 (with a water-to-lime ratio of 1:5 using machine agitation), and slowly add the sealant (binder).
2) Stir well: stir well until no agglomerate paste, let stand for 3-5 minutes, stir again before use, the heart after stirring should be used up within two hours. If solidification occurs, no more water can be stirred. Must be discarded.
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