Lasers were once considered mystery, but they are now widely used by humans. In recent years, scientists have invented a more exotic laser-femtosecond laser.
A femtosecond laser is a pulsed laser that lasts only a few femtoseconds. The femtosecond is 1/1000 trillion seconds. It is several thousand times shorter than the shortest pulse obtained by electronic means. It is the shortest pulse that human beings can obtain under laboratory conditions. The femtosecond laser has a very high instantaneous power of up to one hundred million megawatts, which is nearly a hundred times more than the current total power generation in the world. The third feature of the femtosecond laser is that it can collect in a region of space that is smaller than the hair, making the electromagnetic field stronger than the nuclei of the surrounding electrons.
The above characteristics of the femtosecond laser are mainly achieved through four steps: in the oscillator, a femtosecond laser pulse is obtained using a special technique; the femtosecond seed pulse is stretched by time in different wavelengths by a stretcher. The amplifier is then used to obtain sufficient energy for this stretched pulse; the compressor recombines the amplified spectra of the different components back to the femtosecond width, creating a femtosecond laser pulse with very high instantaneous power.
Femtosecond lasers, like cameras, use short “shutters†to capture molecular motion and changing momentary behavior information. Therefore, femtosecond laser technology has a wide range of applications in physics, biology, chemical control reactions, and optical communications.
Under the action of high-intensity femtosecond lasers, substances are instantaneously changed from solid, liquid, or gaseous matter into plasma, and radiant lasers of various wavelengths are radiated. High-power femtosecond lasers collide with electron beams and can generate X-ray femtosecond lasers, producing beta-ray lasers, producing positive and negative electron pairs.
Because of its rapid and high-resolution characteristics, femtosecond lasers have unique advantages and irreplaceable effects in the early diagnosis of lesions, medical imaging and bio-inspection, surgical care, and the manufacture of ultra-small satellites.
For example, high-power femtosecond lasers have good prospects for development in medicine, ultra-fine micromachining, and high-density information storage and recording. It can break through the atmosphere to create discharge channels, artificial lightning, and avoid catastrophic damage from airplanes, rockets, and power plants caused by natural lightning strikes.
Femtosecond lasers are also one of the options for future energy. The use of femtosecond lasers can accelerate electrons very efficiently, resulting in thousands of times the size of the accelerator. High-power femtosecond lasers interact with matter and produce a sufficient number of neutrons to achieve rapid ignition of controlled nuclear fusion of lasers, thereby opening up new avenues for humans to realize a new generation of energy.
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