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Darryl and colleagues used vertical wind turbines for testing.
Modern wind farms usually use horizontal wind turbines to generate electricity. In life, it is not difficult to find a group of horizontal wind turbines whose engine heads move in the same direction and the blades slowly rotate with the wind. John Dabary, a professor of aeronautics and bioengineering at the California Institute of Technology, said that while horizontal wind turbines have improved power generation efficiency through design improvements, the overall wind farm efficiency has remained relatively low.
In wind farms that use horizontal wind turbines, each horizontal wind turbine is separated by a certain distance, not only because its blades have to be prevented from colliding. In fact, when a horizontal wind turbine is in operation, the wake generated by it can affect the aerodynamic aspects of the neighboring generators so that the wind energy entering the wind turbine cannot be fully explored and utilized. Dabira compares modern horizontal wind farms to wind energy, and believes that horizontal wind farms waste land resources with large amounts of energy.
A unique arrangement optimization test
In recent years, in order to improve the power generation efficiency of horizontal wind turbines, designers have developed large-blade tower-type wind turbines. However, Dabira believes that this also brings other challenges, such as higher costs, more complex engineering issues, and greater environmental impact. Overall, larger, higher level wind turbines mean more noise, more damage to birds and bats, and even more annoying to those who don't like rotating objects.
In the summer of 2010, Darbye and colleagues completed a unique field operation test on a two-acre experimental farmland in a location in northern Los Angeles County. The results showed that vertical wind turbines were installed in a given installation area. The optimization of the arrangement will increase the power generation of wind farms by an exponential increase of at least 10 times. In the "Renewable and Sustainable Energy" magazine published in July, they introduced their own research.
Dabari’s pilot farm is named “Optimized Wind Field Laboratory†where 24 10m high, 1.2m wide vertical wind turbines are installed. These wind turbines have vertical axes that look like they protrude from the ground.†Egg Beater." In the 2010 trial, the researchers used six vertical wind turbines.
Dabirui said that in order to solve problems such as the efficiency of wind turbines, they will focus on maximizing the use of wind energy resources close to the ground, rather than the design of the wind farm itself. He said that although the wind energy resources 9 meters away from the ground is less than the wind energy resources 30 meters away from the ground, but from the global wind resources point of view, 9 meters away from the ground can harvest more than the total electricity consumption in the world. This means that smaller, cheaper, and more environmentally friendly wind turbines are still expected to provide enough power for humans if they are chosen properly and arranged correctly.
Vertical wind turbines can be densely packed and Dabray believes they are ideal wind power generation equipment. Vertical wind turbines allow people to harvest most of the wind energy, even wind energy above the wind farm. When arranging the generator, each vertical wind turbine is oriented in the opposite direction to the neighboring generator. The researchers found that it may be due to the opposite rotation that reduces the resistance to the generator, making the rotation faster and increasing the power generation. effectiveness.
Vertical wind turbines are more efficient
In a field trial completed in the summer of 2010, Darbyy and colleagues measured the rotational speed and power output of each of the six vertical wind turbine generators in different arrangements. The status of one of the wind turbines remains the same throughout the various arrangements, while the others are mounted on a movable platform and moved as needed.
Tests have shown that vertical wind turbines can completely eliminate aerodynamic interference between vertical wind turbines when they are 4 times their size (about 5 meters) apart. In contrast, for the largest horizontal wind turbine nowadays, to eliminate aerodynamic interference between generators, the distance between them should be 20 times the size of the rotating blades, that is to say the distance between them should exceed 1600 Meter.
Six vertical wind turbines generate 21 to 47 watts of electricity per square metre of land, while similarly sized horizontal wind turbines generate only 2 to 3 watts of electricity per square meter. Alyssa Rosagis, director of engineering and applied sciences at Caltech, believes that their engineering research is a challenge to the current state of wind energy technology and an example of Caltech's engineers solving innovative problems in modern society.
Dabirui said that although their research is in the right direction, it does not mean that the work will end. The next task is to scale up for field demonstrations and improve existing vertical wind turbine designs. The results of the current trials make it clear that further research should be conducted into alternatives to existing wind turbines. This summer, Dabary and his colleagues studied the work of 18 vertical wind turbines. (Reporter Mao Li)
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