**LYC Cylindrical Roller Bearings: Key Features and Application Guidelines**
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This article is sourced from the Bearing Network, published on April 10, 2013.
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LYC cylindrical roller bearings are specifically designed for applications where both inner and outer rings have flanges. These bearings can handle radial loads as well as a certain amount of axial load. The axial load capacity depends on factors such as the contact surface between the roller ends and the flange, the smoothness of the operating conditions, and the bearing’s temperature and cooling efficiency.
Under specific assumptions, the maximum axial load (Fmax) that a bearing can support can be calculated using the following formula:
$$
F_{\text{max}} = \frac{K_1 \cdot K_2 \cdot C_0}{n} \cdot \left( \frac{d}{D} \right)^{1.5}
$$
Where:
- $ F_{\text{max}} $: Maximum axial load in kN
- $ C_0 $: Basic static load rating in kN
- $ Fr $: Actual radial load in kN
- $ n $: Speed in r/min
- $ d(D) $: Bearing inner (outer) diameter in mm
- $ K_1 $: Coefficient (1.5 for oil lubrication, 0.5 for grease)
- $ K_2 $: Coefficient (1.5 for oil lubrication, 0.15 for grease)
This formula is based on a temperature difference of 60°C between the bearing and the ambient environment, and a viscosity ratio of at least 2.
Bearings not specifically designed with roller end faces and ribs should not use this formula. To prevent rib cracking due to excessive or accidental axial loads, the LYC technical department specifies the following limits:
- For 2 series bearings: $ F_a < 0.0045 D^{1.5} $ (where D is the outer diameter in mm)
- For other series: $ F_a < 0.0023 D^{1.7} $
For short-term or accidental axial loads, the limit is $ F_a = 0.007 D^{1.7} $.
When a single-row cylindrical roller bearing is subjected to large axial loads, the rib must be uniformly loaded and maintain a certain level of rotational accuracy. The dimensions and axial runout of the shoulder must meet the necessary requirements. You can find more details about bearing accuracy in the section on "bearing applications."
The shoulder diameter (for the bore or housing) should be calculated using the formula:
$$
D_a = 0.5 (d_1 + F)
$$
Where:
- $ D_a $: Shoulder diameter in mm
- $ d_1 $: Inner ring rim diameter in mm
- $ F $: Inner ring raceway diameter in mm
If the axial misalignment between the inner and outer rings exceeds 1°, the load distribution on the rib will change significantly, and the safety factor in the reference values may no longer apply. In such cases, it's recommended to consult the LYC technical department.
To ensure proper performance under axial loading—especially when dealing with heavy axial loads—LYC recommends the following:
1. **Control Radial Clearance:** Ensure the radial clearance is within the required range and kept small.
2. **Use Lubricants with EP Additives:** Select lubricants containing extreme pressure additives to enhance performance.
3. **Apply Minimum Load:** A minimum load is essential for single-row cylindrical roller bearings, similar to other types of bearings. This is especially important under high-speed, high-acceleration, or frequent directional load conditions, as inertia and lubricant friction can affect rolling and rotation accuracy.
The minimum load ($ F_{\text{min}} $) required for a single-row cylindrical roller bearing can be estimated using the following formula:
$$
F_{\text{min}} = K_r \cdot \frac{n}{n_r} \cdot D_m
$$
Where:
- $ n $: Operating speed in r/min
- $ n_r $: Limiting speed (0.8–0.9 times the rated speed)
- $ D_m $: Mean diameter in mm ($ D_m = 0.5(d + D) $)
- $ K_r $: Minimum load factor (see table below)
| Size Series | Kr |
|-------------|----|
| 10 | 100 |
| 2, 3, 4 | 150 |
| 22 | 200 |
| 23 | 250 |
In low-temperature environments or when using high-viscosity lubricants, a higher minimum load may be required. Normally, the bearing itself and the applied load exceed the minimum requirement. If not, the rated radial load should be applied to meet the minimum load requirement.
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