Considering from resource strategy, starting from demonstration supervision
——Prof. Chen Xinping from China Agricultural University Discusses Potassium Magnesium Fertilizer Promotion
From the perspective of China's possession of potassium resources, China's potassium resources are scarce. From the current domestic potash fertilizer production point of view, about 3 million tons per year, which has a large gap with the domestic demand of 78 million tons per year. From the perspective of national resources strategy, the self-supply rate of potash fertilizer in China is still relatively low. If localization of potash can reach 70%, it will be able to evade the risks brought about by fluctuations in import prices. The road to increase domestic potash fertilizer production and find alternatives to potash fertilizers has been a long and arduous one, while **potassium magnesium fertilizer has played an important role in increasing domestic potash fertilizer output. Professor Chen Xinping of the College of Resources and Environment of China Agricultural University stated that as a fertilizer containing potassium and magnesium, the promotion of **potassium and magnesium fertilizer should be considered from the resource strategy to do three things.
First of all, guide the species to target.
National authorities need to work with scientific research departments to promote ** potassium and magnesium fertilizers. Particularly extensive experiments were conducted in areas where potassium and magnesium fertilizers were applied, demonstrating both cost and fertilizer efficiency.
Soil analysis showed that there are two regions in China that are most suitable for the application of potassium and magnesium fertilizers. One is South China. The soil in the area itself lacks both potassium and magnesium. Some fruit trees use too much fertilizer containing potassium, resulting in a lack of magnesium. In southern China, the use of **potassium and magnesium fertilizers in economic crops such as bananas and longan has achieved very good results. Another is the northern region, greenhouse vegetables such as cucumbers, tomatoes and other suitable potassium fertilizer. The soil in the north is not without magnesium, but because of the application of nitrogen fertilizer, the acidification of the soil causes serious loss of magnesium. The use of **potassium-magnesium fertilizer not only can supplement the magnesium of the soil, but also can improve the acidic soil and enhance the ability of crops to resist drought, cold and chemicals. Simple comparison of potassium content is converted to K2O.** Potassium and magnesium fertilizers do not have high potash nutrient levels such as potassium and potassium chloride. However, in these two regions, potassium and magnesium can act at the same time, and the cost performance is significantly better than other potash fertilizers.
Currently, K+S, the main producer of potassium and magnesium fertilizers in the world, exports Chinese ** potassium and magnesium fertilizers mainly for the sale of cash crops in South China. On the one hand, we can guide potassium and magnesium fertilizers from policy and scientific research to focus on these areas in the pilot demonstration. On the other hand, companies should demonstrate the greatest role of the products through trials and demonstrations in these major sales regions combined with product advantages.
Second, strengthen industrial supervision in all directions.
At present, some SMEs in the market who do not have the resources of potassium and magnesium sulfate, simply use the blending method to produce potassium magnesium sulfate type fertilizer. Many of this blended potassium sulfate magnesium fertilizer use cheap industrial waste magnesium sulfate to incorporate potassium sulfate. Made, the product does not meet national standards. The sale of this product to the market at the price of potassium magnesium fertilizer resulted in price confusion and damaged the market image of potassium magnesium fertilizer. The fertilizer appraisal and registration committee of the Ministry of Agriculture agrees that potassium sulfate and magnesium fertilizer are natural fertilizers and will not issue registration certificates for this blended fertilizer. Individual companies have speculated on the production of the development agency, and it is recommended that the industrial and commercial departments crack down on fertilizers without registration certificates. This behavior is a waste of national resources.
Finally, companies need to work hard.
To fundamentally grow the industry, the production companies of potassium and magnesium fertilizers need to work hard. In terms of reducing costs, companies should not "wait," "rely on," and "require," but should work hard to reduce costs. The government can only provide preferential policies, and the trend of the national chemical fertilizer management system reform is to gradually cancel the existing preferential policies and gradually realize marketization. In terms of marketing, it is necessary for dealers and farmers to understand the characteristics of their products and at the same time they need to work hard to improve product recognition and display product advantages. Enterprises should respond to farmers' propaganda for scientific use of fertilizers. In this regard, they can learn from the experience of product promotion by foreign companies such as potassium-magnesium fertilizer companies, such as the United States, "Shi Bao Mi".
Hope that the policy "protect escort"
China's Inorganic Salt Industry Association, Potassium, Salt and Fertilizer Industry Sub-Committee, Deputy Secretary General Zhao Zhaoying
At present, most of the potash fertilizer manufacturers in China produce potassium chloride. Some domestic potassium and magnesium fertilizers are imported from the United States and Germany. Compared with similar foreign products, domestic **potassium magnesium fertilizer has obvious price advantage. However, the cost-effective **potassium-magnesium fertilizer industry has a development history of about 6 years after all, so there are still many bottlenecks that restrict the development of the industry. For one, potassium sulfate and magnesium sulfate fertilizers are used as excellent products and high-quality potash fertilizers. In transport, they cannot enjoy preferential tariffs like potassium chloride and potassium sulfate. Second, 99% of China's potassium-magnesium-sulphur fertilizer is produced in Qinghai and Xinjiang, most of which use tailings produced from potassium sulfate and potassium chloride in salt lakes as the main raw material. It is actually a comprehensive resource utilization project, but resources still need to be paid. tax. Therefore, the producers of potassium magnesium and magnesium fertilizers are currently struggling to sustain their losses.
At the beginning of 2003, in order to solve the shortage of domestic potash fertilizer resources and make up for the shortage of trace elements, Qinghai CITIC Guoan Group and the government signed a framework agreement for the development of the western region, which developed and produced potassium and magnesium fertilizers in Qinghai. In 2006, the "national security brand" potassium magnesium fertilizer was officially put on the domestic market. In recent years, with the breakthrough of a new batch of new potassium-magnesium fertilizer projects and potash utilization technologies in China, the potassium-magnesium fertilizer industry has achieved rapid development. At present, domestic manufacturers of potassium and magnesium fertilizers mainly include: Xinjiang Lop Nur Potash Co., Ltd., Qinghai Lianyu Potash Fertilizer Co., Ltd., Qinghai Coastal Potash Fertilizer Co., Ltd., Qinghai High-end Technology Co., Ltd., and CNOOC Shandong Haihua Group Co., Ltd.** Potash plant, Qinghai Zhongxin Guoan Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd., Xinjiang Xinyatai Potash Fertilizer Co., Ltd. and other 7 companies have a production capacity of 1.248 million to 1.348 million tons and an annual output of 500,000 to 600,000 tons.
The domestic raw materials for **potassium and magnesium fertilizers are mainly the mother liquors extracted from brine lakes in Qinghai and Xinjiang after the extraction of potassium chloride or **potassium, which has the characteristics of low energy consumption, low cost, and high quality. So far, **potassium-magnesium fertilizer is the only natural, new-type, high-quality high-end fertilizer that can provide large quantities of elemental potassium, medium-quantity element*, and magnesium and trace element boron at the same time. The National Standard GB/T, implemented in September 2007, stipulates that the nutrient content of potassium and magnesium fertilizer products is K2O ≥ 21%, MGO ≥ 5%, and S ≥ 14%.
It is hoped that the potash fertilizers that account for nearly 10% of domestic potash fertilizer production can enjoy the same freight treatment as other agricultural products and get support for resources and taxation policies at an early date, so that the potassium and magnesium fertilizer industry can develop safely and healthily.
Learn from foreign experience
Create a new era of potassium fertilizer
Li Gang, President of Potassium Salt Fertilizer Industry Branch of China Inorganic Salt Industry Association
**The application of potassium and magnesium fertilizers in foreign countries has a history of nearly 60 years. It is generally applied in the form of blended fertilizer or compound fertilizer and has been widely recognized in the world. Three percent of the total US production of potash fertilizer is sold to other countries, especially for those with high economic value, fruit trees, vegetables, and oil crops. However, due to the high price of the fertilizer and problems in the promotion of agricultural technology, domestic consumption has remained low.
As early as 1985, U.S. Global International Minerals Co. and Western Agricultural Minerals Co., Ltd. began to export “Shi Bao Mi†to China, and conducted field experiments on crops such as **, sugar cane, and peanuts. The test results show that ** potassium and magnesium fertilizers have significant effects on crop growth and quality improvement. Since 2004, demonstration experiments conducted by the Ministry of Agriculture and the Academy of Agricultural Sciences have also proved that potassium and magnesium fertilizers play an important role in improving crop quality and yield.
China is the world's major potash fertilizer consumer, but China has proven to have few potassium reserves, and domestic potash fertilizer consumption has long relied on imports. In 2009, the consumption of potash fertilizer in China was 6.042 million tons K2O, the same below, among which the domestic potash fertilizer was 3.207 million tons, and the self-sufficiency ratio was about 53.1%. The **potassium-magnesium fertilizer, which is praised as the "golden partner" of crop fertilization, as a new type of high-quality, natural fertilizer, has made up for the shortage of potash fertilizer in China.
In recent years, under the strong promotion of CITIC Guoan, Qinghai Lianyu Potash Company, Qinghai Coastal Potash Company, and Qinghai High-end Technology Salt Lake Technology Co., Ltd., the Chinese market for potassium magnesium fertilizer has developed rapidly. In 2004, domestic **potassium magnesium fertilizer was formally listed. In 2009, the production capacity reached 1.048 million tons and the output reached 402,000 tons. In 2010, the production capacity of potassium magnesium fertilizer will also be expanded by 200,000 to 300,000 tons.
With the continuous improvement of the level of agricultural production in China and the popularization and application of high-yield varieties, combined with the effective application of organic potassium fertilizers, the amount of organic fertilizers has been decreasing year by year, and the area of ​​soil potassium deficiency has gradually expanded. In many places, soil potassium deficiency has become a constraint on agricultural development. One of the important factors. In addition, with the promotion of high-concentration compound fertilizers in China and the increase in multiple cropping index, there are many trace elements removed from the soil in the crop production, but the actual input into the soil is less, resulting in the lack of soil magnesium,*, etc. balance. ** Potassium-magnesium fertilizer combines the necessary nutrients for potassium, magnesium, and other crops, and achieves the goal of increasing crop production and increasing farmers' income through balanced fertilization. In addition, domestic **potassium magnesium fertilizer costs and prices are low, which can be accepted by more farmers.
It is believed that through the support of policies, the company's own efforts, and scientific propaganda, the popularity and value of potassium magnesium fertilizer in the field of agricultural resources have continued to increase, and they have entered millions of households, bringing farmers a good harvest and joy.
Reasonable utilization of potassium and magnesium fertilizer
Mitigating the shortage of potassium resources in China
——Interview with Professor Chen Lun-Shou, College of Resources and Environment, China Agricultural University
China lacks potassium resources and the problem of shortage of potash is getting worse. Professor Chen Luonshou of the College of Resources and Environment, China Agricultural University believes that **potassium magnesium fertilizer is an important potash resource in China. It is a good fertilizer from the perspective of its characteristics and can fully alleviate the shortage of potassium resources in China, and it will be used in China's future potash fertilizer strategy. Plays an important role. Chen Lun Shou believes that the use of potash should follow two principles of distribution.
First, priority is given to high-yield fields. Due to the excessive use of nitrogenous fertilizer and phosphorous fertilizer in high-yield fields, as well as the insufficiency of organic fertilizer application, the loss of potash fertilizer in many areas that are not in need of potassium is excessively fast. In order to ensure the yield of high-yielding fields, sufficient potassium must be applied to keep the three elements of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in balance. The application of too much potassium will lead to the loss of magnesium. ** Potassium and magnesium fertilizers contain both potassium and magnesium elements, which can prevent problems such as dead leaves and fallen leaves caused by magnesium deficiency in plants, and increase crop yields. At the same time, Potassium Magnesium Fertilizer is a water-soluble fertilizer, except for the bitter halogen manufacturing process. It does not contain chloride ions and is easily decomposed, which is beneficial to plant absorption.
Second, priority is given to potassium-depleted soil. Sand in the north, red soil in the south, and yellow soil all suffer from severe potassium deficiency. As early as 20 years ago, when Canadian companies attempted to open the Chinese potash fertilizer market, they first carried out experiments in the south, and after reaching the conclusion that the South would certainly use potash fertilizer in large quantities, they made great efforts to enter China. The available potassium in the soil in the south is only half of that in the north, and the potassium and magnesium fertilizers are most suitable for soils lacking potassium, magnesium, and * elements in the south. According to the principle of balanced fertilization, it is necessary to pay attention to the balance of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, as well as the balance of calcium, magnesium, and intermediate elements and other trace elements. For example, the use of nitrogen fertilizer in a kind of watermelon can guarantee a large, but if you do not apply potassium fertilizer, the watermelon will not be sweet. Imbalances in various elements can lead to reduced crop yields, reduced quality, drought resistance, lodging resistance, and reduced resistance to pests and diseases.
“Potassium mine is a non-renewable resource. The method of extracting potassium from straw and plant ash is not enough to make up for the huge gap in potash fertilizer in China,†Chen Lunhou said. “The Chinese government should encourage state-owned enterprises to buy more potash minerals abroad. At the same time, The use of Potassium Magnesium Fertilizer (KMG), which contains more potash resources in Qinghai, will provide a new way to alleviate the shortage of potassium resources in China.